Seminar "Väike jääaeg põhjamaises kultuuris"
20.12.2012 kell 14.00 - 14.00
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Neljapäeval, 20. detsembril 2012, algusega kell 14.00 toimub TLÜ Ajaloo
Instituudi Nõutoas (Rüütli tn 10, Tallinn) Keskkonnaajaloo Keskuse
(KAJAK) seminar "Väike jääaeg põhjamaises kultuuris". Esinejateks on
Turu Ülikooli professor Timo Myllyntaus, kes räägib teemal "The Little
Ice Age and ordeals of bad weather. Can environmental history be
interpreted as a reflection of climate history?" ja Ritva Kylli Oulu
ÜǴDZ, kelle ettekande pealkirjaks on "The Effects of Climate on Food
Culture: A Look at Northern Finland". Professor Timo Myllyntaus analüüsib
oma ettekandes kliima ja ajaloo vahelisi seoseid ning toob näiteid
keskajal Põhja-Euroopas valitsenud väikese jääaja perioodist. Väike
jääaeg on tänapäeva globaalse soojenemise aruteludes sageli kasutatav
näide looduslike kliimavõnkumistega kaasneva kliimamuutuse kohta, millele
tavaliselt järgneb soojenemine.Ritva Kylli vaatleb oma ettekandes
põhjamaise kliima mõju toidukultuurile, tuues näiteid
Põhja-Soomest.Ettekannete kokkuvõtted inglise keeles:Timo Myllyntaus "The
Little Ice Age and Ordeals of Bad Weather. Can Environmental History Be
Interpreted as a Reflection of Climate History?“The Little Ice Age and
Ordeals of Bad Weather. Can Environmental History Be Interpreted as a
Reflection of Climate History? The current discussion on global warming
tends to emphasize the significance of the climate for numerous
environmental changes. This contemporary feature has also begun to affect
our conceptions on history because it focuses the attention on the role of
climatic factors and trends. Especially during the 21st century, it has
become a custom in environmental history consider the climate change as the
crucial and inmost factor behind various environmental transformations.
Climate is supposed to explain a substantial section of historical events.
This paper examines the relationships of climatic and environmental
history, while it uses the Little Ice Age in Northern Europe as a case
study on the issue. The period is called the Little Ice Age; nevertheless
it may not have been as dramatic as the impressive title suggests. It has
been claimed that in the Northern Hemisphere the average annual temperature
dropped only about one Celsius, mountainous glaciers expanded fairly
modestly and the period lasted only about 500 years. In the Nordic
Countries, the Little Ice Age broke out in about 1350 and lasted roughly up
to 1870. However the period was not without dramatic events; it contained
various temporary climatic anomalies, such as windstorms, cloudbursts,
floods, droughts and cold spells, which have created a mental image on a
long and continuously cold era. Nevertheless, these anomalies were more
substantial in the Nordic countries and Northern Russia, because the
growing season in these regions was and still is substantially shorter and
more sensitive in the rest of Europe – also in the “normal years”.
The decrease in the average temperature of the growing season was bigger
near the Arctic Circle than in the south coast of the Baltic Sea or Central
Europe. How extensively can the Little Ice Age be utilised to explain the
course of the Nordic environmental changes? Is there a danger to be trapped
in the environmental determinism while using the Little Ice Age for
explaining the events of the late Middle Ages and early Modern Period?
Those are among issues elaborated in this paper.Ritva Kylli "The Effects of
Climate on Food Culture: A Look at Northern Finland"The Effects of Climate
on Food Culture: A Look at Northern Finland. Changing food cultures have
always had impact on the environment. Especially in the past centuries,
environmental factors have determined, on one hand, what people have eaten,
and, on the other hand, which foodstuffs have been available as import
goods in Finland. The food culture of Northern Finland, and especially the
history of imported foods, has inevitably also been influenced by the cold
climate and the fact that the sea freezes over for several months every
year. This presentation discusses the impact of climate factors on the food
culture of Northern Finland in the 18th century. Did the climate play a
decisive role? What was the impact of the extended cold period known as the
Little Ice Age on the history of Finnish cuisine? An interesting sideline
is the examination of how extant documentary material from the 18th century
can be applied for drawing conclusions about the history of our climate.
Instituudi Nõutoas (Rüütli tn 10, Tallinn) Keskkonnaajaloo Keskuse
(KAJAK) seminar "Väike jääaeg põhjamaises kultuuris". Esinejateks on
Turu Ülikooli professor Timo Myllyntaus, kes räägib teemal "The Little
Ice Age and ordeals of bad weather. Can environmental history be
interpreted as a reflection of climate history?" ja Ritva Kylli Oulu
ÜǴDZ, kelle ettekande pealkirjaks on "The Effects of Climate on Food
Culture: A Look at Northern Finland". Professor Timo Myllyntaus analüüsib
oma ettekandes kliima ja ajaloo vahelisi seoseid ning toob näiteid
keskajal Põhja-Euroopas valitsenud väikese jääaja perioodist. Väike
jääaeg on tänapäeva globaalse soojenemise aruteludes sageli kasutatav
näide looduslike kliimavõnkumistega kaasneva kliimamuutuse kohta, millele
tavaliselt järgneb soojenemine.Ritva Kylli vaatleb oma ettekandes
põhjamaise kliima mõju toidukultuurile, tuues näiteid
Põhja-Soomest.Ettekannete kokkuvõtted inglise keeles:Timo Myllyntaus "The
Little Ice Age and Ordeals of Bad Weather. Can Environmental History Be
Interpreted as a Reflection of Climate History?“The Little Ice Age and
Ordeals of Bad Weather. Can Environmental History Be Interpreted as a
Reflection of Climate History? The current discussion on global warming
tends to emphasize the significance of the climate for numerous
environmental changes. This contemporary feature has also begun to affect
our conceptions on history because it focuses the attention on the role of
climatic factors and trends. Especially during the 21st century, it has
become a custom in environmental history consider the climate change as the
crucial and inmost factor behind various environmental transformations.
Climate is supposed to explain a substantial section of historical events.
This paper examines the relationships of climatic and environmental
history, while it uses the Little Ice Age in Northern Europe as a case
study on the issue. The period is called the Little Ice Age; nevertheless
it may not have been as dramatic as the impressive title suggests. It has
been claimed that in the Northern Hemisphere the average annual temperature
dropped only about one Celsius, mountainous glaciers expanded fairly
modestly and the period lasted only about 500 years. In the Nordic
Countries, the Little Ice Age broke out in about 1350 and lasted roughly up
to 1870. However the period was not without dramatic events; it contained
various temporary climatic anomalies, such as windstorms, cloudbursts,
floods, droughts and cold spells, which have created a mental image on a
long and continuously cold era. Nevertheless, these anomalies were more
substantial in the Nordic countries and Northern Russia, because the
growing season in these regions was and still is substantially shorter and
more sensitive in the rest of Europe – also in the “normal years”.
The decrease in the average temperature of the growing season was bigger
near the Arctic Circle than in the south coast of the Baltic Sea or Central
Europe. How extensively can the Little Ice Age be utilised to explain the
course of the Nordic environmental changes? Is there a danger to be trapped
in the environmental determinism while using the Little Ice Age for
explaining the events of the late Middle Ages and early Modern Period?
Those are among issues elaborated in this paper.Ritva Kylli "The Effects of
Climate on Food Culture: A Look at Northern Finland"The Effects of Climate
on Food Culture: A Look at Northern Finland. Changing food cultures have
always had impact on the environment. Especially in the past centuries,
environmental factors have determined, on one hand, what people have eaten,
and, on the other hand, which foodstuffs have been available as import
goods in Finland. The food culture of Northern Finland, and especially the
history of imported foods, has inevitably also been influenced by the cold
climate and the fact that the sea freezes over for several months every
year. This presentation discusses the impact of climate factors on the food
culture of Northern Finland in the 18th century. Did the climate play a
decisive role? What was the impact of the extended cold period known as the
Little Ice Age on the history of Finnish cuisine? An interesting sideline
is the examination of how extant documentary material from the 18th century
can be applied for drawing conclusions about the history of our climate.